Intake manifold for internal-combustion engines



May 8, 1923. 1,4

G. M. BALL INTAKE MANIFOLD FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed April 18, 1921 Patented May 8, 1923.-

UNlTED STATES GUY K. BALL, 0F SPOKANE, WASHINGTON.

INTAKE MANIFOLD FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION IllNGiIIl'ES.

Application filed April 18, 1921.

To all whom it may concern:

Be. it known that I, GUY M. BALL, a citizen of the United States, residing at Spokane, in the county of Spokane and State of Washington, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Intake Manifolds for Internal-Combustion Engines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates in general to intake manifolds for internal combustion engines, and more particularly to an intake manifold which shall provide an endless intake passage, the purpose of which will be hereinafter described.

Considerable difficulty has been experienced in the intake manifolds of internal combustion engines, particularly those of the high speed t pa, in that violent pulsations are cause in the flow of mlxture through said manifolds by the intermittent opening and closing of the inlet valves. Upon the opening of the valve the gases will rush rapidly through the intake manifold and into the cylinder, and upon the closing of that valve the gases in the intake manifold, striking the end of the manifold of the usual type, will rebound violently. This pulsation or alternate changing of direction of the flow of gases causes at times a great deal of roughness or unevenness of fuel feed, consequent loss of engine efliciency and in many instances, the effect of the back throw of gases upon the closing of the valve is sufiicient to cause flooding of the carbureter with the seepage of the gasoline around the sides of the carbureter and into the crankcase. This carbureter flooding will naturally create a great fire risk and should be avoided.

An object of my invention is to provide an intake manifold which will eliminate the objectionable pulsations hereinbefore dis- .cussed and will at the same time provide a continuous and even flow of the explosive mixture to the intake valves.

Another object of my invention is to provide means for warming the mixture in the said intake manifold to a certain extent in a novel manner.

A further object of my invention is to provide means for leading the gases from the intake manifold proper into the cylinders, which will prohibit the passage or creepage of particles of ii sides of the manifold and into the cylinders.

quid fuel along the th Serial No. 462,192.

Other objects of my invention will be disclosed in the accompanying specification and drawings, in which Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic side elevation of my invention; and

Fig. 2 is an end elevation in section on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1.

Referring in detail to the drawings, 1 is a bank of cylinders in the ordinary internal combustion engine, and 2 is an intake manifold for conducting the gases thereto. An outlet means from the intake manifold to the cylinders proper is provided by manifold inserts 3 which extend into the interior of the manifold proper in such a manner that the side wall 6-thereof will prevent the entrance of any liquid fuel creeping at the sides of manifold 2 and through the manifold insert 3 into the cylinders.

At 4 there is shown a heating device or stove which may receive its heat from either an electric coil or a connection with the exhaust manifold or the water of the cooling system of the engine.

As will be noted from the drawings, each of the manifolds 2 extendspast the last cylinder for which it is to provide the explosive fuel and is bent to form a return into intake manifold in line with the direction of the flow of intake gases in said manifold. The manifold extension at its end is restricted in diameter and gases flowing therefrom are admitted into the center of the main intake pipe. It will be seen that this will provide an action similar to an injector action in that when the velocity of gases in the main intake pipe is greater than that in the return pipe, the velocity of the gases in the return pipe will be increased by the injector action of those in the main pipe. And when the speed of the gases in the return pipe is greater than that of the gases in the main pipe, the converse will be true.

The operation of my device will be seen to be as fo lows:

Upon the opening of a valve of one of the cylinders of the engine, the gases asv usual will rush rapidly along the intake manifold to the point of ingress of the cylinder. Upon the closing of said valve,

however, the gases will rush on past that cylinder around the intake manifold and back through the restricted end thereof into e main portion of the intake pipe to a point between the carbureter and the first cylinder.

cylinder. The gases in their flow past the cylinders will be somewhat warmed by their proximity to the motor and will be fed, as noted, on their outlet from the restricted end of the manifold into the center of the main stream of gases passing from the carburetor to the first cylinder. This will assist materially in warming the incoming gases and by the disturbance there caused will assist to a great extent in thoroughly mixing the various components of the incoming fuel. If it is desired that these gases shall be further warmed, a stove, as shown, will further serve to warm the gases passing from the restricted end of the manifold and further assist in the above mentioned purpose.

The function and operation of the manifold inserts 3, extending into the interior of the main manifolds 2 for the purpose of preventing the creepage of liquid oarticles of fuel into the cylinders, has been heretofore described.

I claim:

1. In an intake manifold for use in internal combustion engines, a means for minimizing pulsation of the explosive gases passing therethrough, said means comprising an extended portion of said manifold of reduced diameter projecting into the interior of said manifold at a point between the carburetor jet and any cylinder supplied by said manifold. i

2. In an intake manifold, for use in internal combustion engines, a means for minimizing pulsation of the explosive gases passing therethrough, said means comprising an extended portion of said manifold and adapted to provide a return into the interior of said manifold at a point between the carburetor jet and any cylinder supplied by said manifold, the outlet from said manifold extension being in approximately the same general direction of flow as that of the explosive mixture from said carburetor to said 3. In an intake manifold for. use in internal combustion en ines, a means for minimizing pulsation of t e explosive gases passing therethrough, said means comprising an extended portion of said manifold and adapted to provide a return tube projecting into the interior of said manlfold at a point between the carburetor jet and any cylinder supplied by said manifold, the outlet from .said manifold extension being in approxi- 'mately the same general direction of flow as that of the explosive mixture from said carburetor to said first cylinder, and means for eagues projected portion in the same general direction of flow as the gases from the source of supply.

5. In an internal combustion engine, an intake manifold in which a continuous general direction of flow is introduced by the flow of the incoming gases from the source of supply passing a return extension of said manifold projecting thereinto and creating an injector effect, thereby drawing the return gases and fuels from said manifold extension into the main supply pipe.

6. In an internal combustion engine, an intake manifold, means for heating the center of the column of gases passing through said manifold, said means comprising a heated extension of said manifold, terminating in a portion projectin into the intenor of the main manifold w ich extension discharges heated gases in approximately the center of flow of the gases from the source of supply to any cylinder adapted to be supplied by said manifold.

7. In an internal combustion engine, an intake manifold, means comprising an extended portion of the manifold adapted to pro ect into the main manifold at a point between-the carburetor and the first cylinder of said internal combustion engine to be served by said manifold in such a manner as to provide an injector action.

8. For use in a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine, an intake manifold adapted to serve a plurality of cylinders of said internal combustion engine, said manifold being provided with an extended portion which extends into the main portion of the manifold at a point between the carburetor and the first cylinder to be served by said manifold, said-manifold and extension being so designed as to avoid all sharp angles in its gas passageway for the purpose of minimizing pulsations in the flow of gas therethrough.

In testimony whereof I have afiixed my signature.

, GUY M. BALL. 

